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Fressingfield par. reg; Wills of John Aldous pv 1596; of Robert
Aldous pv 13 Dec 1560; of Elizabeth Aldous pv 1576; and of Agnes Barbor pv 1558.
(8/20/88)
wd 4 Apr 1558, wp 13 Dec 1560

Biographical:
The earliest known record of Robert Aldous, born about 1479, was dated 1500, when he was apparently of age and named, with his father, William Aldous, in a deed by which they received property from his grandfather, Thomas Warner. This was property in Fressingfield, Suffolk, England, where they already resided. In 1502 another gift-deed included Robert’s mother Johan (Joan). There was also a 1518 deed about Robert and his parents deeding property to Robert’s brother Thomas.
Robert, his father, and brothers Thomas and Richard appeared on a tax list (subsidy) of 1524. In 1528 Robert and his daughter Johan (Joan) were named in Robert’s father’s will.
Robert and his wife Elizabeth became the parents of at least seven children. That number grew to adulthood, and there could have been others who died young.
Robert’s will was dated April 4, 1558, and he called himself “Robert Aldous thelder of Fresingfelde.” He had fairly extensive land holdings and lived comfortably.
In his will his first concern was for his wife. “I will and geve to Elisabethe my wiffe all my lands and Tenements bothe Free and bonde/-Except onlye my Tenement w’t the lands belongings therunto called Gorh’ms together w’t all my milche keene horses mares geldyings & Colts w’t all my howsholde stuffe Corne & other movables from the Feaste of Seynt Michaell tharchangell next after my decease unto thend and terme of thre yeres.” This bequest had one condition, which was “that my sayd wiffe do not Labour traveyle go or ryde out of the sayd towne of Fresingfelde.” The will continued, “And after the sayd terme of thre yeres expired then I will that my sayd wiffe shall have the parlo’r and the chamber over the parlour in the sayd howse for terme of her naturall liffe together and the Browerne w’t the soller over the same/ And to have the easment of the chymney in the olde hall and the easment of the Oven in the backhowse when and as ofte as she will duringe hir liffe/: And also I will that Elisabethe my wiffe shall have halfe the Frute growynge of and upon the Tenement and lands the whiche I have geven unto my sonne Will’m together w’t the goynge or pasture and sufficient wynter meate [feed] for foure mylche keene in the lands whiche I shall geve hereafter heryn to my sonne Will’m with my sayd howse/.” Additionally, Robert requested that Elizabeth, as she would have the family home, accept the responsibility of “keping therwithe hospitalitye and sufferinge my sonnes suche as be singlemen to have the newe chamber in the howse wherin I nowe dwell duringe the tyme that they be single and unmaryed.” Later in the will Robert mentioned that sons William, John, and Robert were the unmarried ones and added that they should have their chamber “so longe as they or anye of them shalbe unmaryed.” Also, Elizabeth was to have “all her Apparrell ornaments & Jowells belongynge to her bodye.”
Robert stipulated that after the said term of three years his son William was to receive for his own “my Tenement wherin I nowe dwell called Bournys w’t all suche lands as be nexte adioyninge and belongynge...And also my horse mylle w’t the stones and other App’rte­n’ncs therunto belonginge Except the sayd parlo’r and Chamber for terme of my wyves liffe/: And after the decease I will the same parlour and Chamber shall remayne to my sayd sonne Will’m.” In addition to “Bournys” William was, after the three years, to receive “my Close called Bardenes in Fresingfeld aforesayd and all that my Tenement sometyme buylded called Cotwyns w’t all the lands therunto belonginge...Except twoo pecs percell of the same hereafter...geven...to my other sonnes/.”
For the privilege of inheriting the specified lands, Robert requested certain obligations of William, all after he came into possession. The first obligation was that he should pay his mother an “Annuytie or yerlye Rente” of thirty-three shillings three pence. The second was that he should, “duringe the naturall liffe of my sayd wiffe delyver or cause to be delyvered...foure Combes of good wheate and fyve Combes of good malte readye grounde in good pure meale to bake and brewe/ The sayd meale to be deliv’red ev’rye weeke A quantytye therof as my sayd wiffe shall have nede to have and occupye therof/.” Also he should “w’tin thre monethes next after the sayd terme of thre yeres expyred and ended make or cause to be made in the tresens betwene the hall and the parlo’r in the howse wherin I nowe dwell, for A quyetnes betwene my sayd wiffe and my sayd sonne A payre of Steyres w’t A dore goynge out of the sayd hall up into the Chamber over the sayd hall/.”
Son Thomas was already married, and to him his father gave “Imedyatlye after my decease all that my Tenement called Gorh’ms w’t all the lands belongynge therunto lyenge and beynge in wetingh’m [a hamlet in Fressingfield]/...Also...at thend of the terme of the sayd thre yeres the greater parte or pcell of my Closse called Bellysuale Closse as it ys devyded and severed w’t an hedge lyeinge next unto Gochis Closse Fyndinge halfe the deade Fence devydinge the same Close/.”
To son John, Robert bequeathed “at thend of the sayd thre yeres all that my medowe called Chepenhale grene medowe withe thapp’rten’ncs conteynynge by estymac’on two Acres be yt more or lesse/ And the two gardyn plotts next adioyninge to the sayd medowe, parcell of the whiche sayd medowe was and ys pcell of the sayd tenement Cotwyns before excepted And my medowe conteynynge by estymac’on halfe an Acre be yt more or lesse w’t thapp’rten’ncs as yt lyethe next the medowe of my brother Thomas Aldous thelder called the Brydge medowe/ And also all that my Close lyenge nexte the olde parke conteynynge by estymac’on fyve Acres be yt more or lesse/...all that my parte of the woode called Bellisuale woode conteynynge xx’tie [twenty] Acres together w’t the sponge [swampy area] lyenge up to Bellisuale Closse lyenge next unto the pightells of John Owles Fyndynge teother halfe of deade Fence devydinge this his parte from the foresayd parte before geven to my sayd sonne Thomas/.”
Son Robert was to have “at thende of the sayd terme of thre yeres all my Closse called Carlowe w’t thapp’rten’ncs and all that my Closse w’t thapp’rten’ncs called Androcks fylde with A litle medowe therunto adioynynge called grenes medowe conteynynge by estymacyon one Acre be yt more or lesse whiche sayd medowe was and ys thother parte or pece belongynge to the Tenement Cotwyns before excepted and halfe an Acre of land called Wallys slade and also one Acre of land lyenge in the parke Closse in Fresingfylde.”
There were three daughters in the family. Two of them were married before Robert made his will; they, Agnes Barbor and Johan Foxe, were bequeathed four marks each. The unmarried daughter, Alice, was to receive twenty marks “to be payd to her at the daye of her marryage or elles when she shalbe of thage of xxx’tie yeres At whiche of the sayd tymes shall happen soneste/.” Three years following her father’s decease Alice was to receive “foure mylche keene.”
After the same three years John and Robert were required to pay annuities to their mother Elizabeth. John’s amount was twenty shillings, and Robert’s was thirteen shillings four pence.
If the sons failed to live up to the requirements their father made of them their mother could “entre into all my lands and tenements and everye pcell therof...and there...leade, dryve carye awaye with her or her assigneis to deteyne and kepe untill my sayd wiffe or her Assigneis shalbe of the sayd Anuyties or yerelye Rents and the sayd wheat and malte and everye parte of them and tharrerrages of the same yf anye shalbe fullye contented satisfyed and payd/.”
At the end of the three years, when Elizabeth was to give up the property, Robert provided that she should have “my graye mare and foure of the beste of my keene to be then taken at her choyse/.” At the same time daughter Alice and sons William, Thomas, John, and Robert were to each receive “foure mylche keene.” Additionally, William was to have “my baye mare,” John “my blacke Colte,” and Robert “my graye balde Colte.” Then, too, half of the “houshold stuffe” that Elizabeth had been using was “to be taken and parted indifferentlie.” The “other halfe of my howsholde stuffe” was to be “parted and devyded evenlye amongeste” sons William, John, and Robert, and “doughter” Alice.
Robert concluded with, “The resydue of all my goods Cattells moneye plate corne and movables not afore geven & bequethed I putt them to the disposyc’on of my Executors whom I ordeyne & appoynte my wiffe Will’m and John my sonnes they to paye my debts and performe therwith this my laste will and Testament and honestlye to burye me/.”
After Robert’s will was written, his and Elizabeth’s daughter Agnes, in 1558 the widow of Robert Barbor, prepared her will. In it she named her brothers Thomas “Alldowes” and John “Aldowes,” as well as her children.
Two and a half years after preparing his will Robert died. He was buried in the Fressingfield churchyard January 20, 1559/60. Undoubtedly his wishes were carried out, with mother, daughter, and sons living at Bourneys and continuing on the farm tasks much as before. After two years daughter Alice died, and after three years the sons came into their possessions. William probably built, as directed, the stairway from the hall (the main room of the house) up to the hall chamber (the room above the hall). Apparently the already existing stairway was in the parlor (large bedroom and living room combined) and went up to the parlor chamber (another bedroom). These two rooms became exclusively Elizabeth’s. The sons, still all three unmarried, used the hall (or main room of the house) and hall chamber. Or, since Robert lived more than two years after preparing his will, there is the possibility that he finished the stairway to the chamber above the hall, which chamber was new at the date of the will. Elizabeth likely received her wheat and malt from William, and the annuities from him, John, and Robert.
On the fourth day of April in 1566 Elizabeth’s will was written. Hers was quite specific about what she gave to her heirs, which heirs included sons William, Thomas, John, and Robert; daughter Johan; and grandchildren Elizabeth Aldowes, Fraunces Aldowes, and John Aldowes. Cash bequests totaled thirty-seven pounds five shillings. Of furniture she mentioned two beds, including “my posted bed in my plo’r with one fetherbed one bolster one paire of shets and one paire of blanketts one coveringe and two pillowes” and “my trundlebed that I lye in with A fetherbed one bolster one payre of blanketts one paire of shets and one coveringe.” Bed linen given separately from beds consisted of two pillows, two “beares [pillowcases],” four pairs of sheets, and “my red saye bedcloth.” Two tables were listed-a “rownde” one, as well as the “table and form [bench] in the hall.” Her four sons were to receive a tablecloth each. Other pieces of furniture named were a “greate hutche,” a red coffer, a black coffer, and two chairs.
Quite a number of household containers, utensils, and dairy implements were named by Elizabeth. The following were probably all used at the fireplace: “my spete and Aundiron my latten ladle and my keatle called Abbotts keatle...my fire pane and my gridiron and also my tongs.” Dishes included “fyve greate pewtre platters,” “two sasers,” a “chafing dishe,” “thre pewter Dishes,” and “fowre porrengers.” Probably used in the preparation of food were these items: “litle brasse potte...greate brasse potte...greate keatle...coper keatle...keatle called tynkers keatle...two eared brasse pane...latche pan...spice morter...frienge pan.” The dairy and other outbuildings likely were where the majority of the next items were kept and used: “lesser brasse mylke pans...greate brasse pane...litle brasse mylk pan...great caldron...newe mylke tubbe...saltinge trough...one litle keler [a keeler is a broad shallow tub]...great keler...flitch [probably indicating made of laminated pieces of wood] trough...charne...greate sallowin boule...two great fatts [vats]...one greate printe...one breade...laver...litle starte pane...brewenge tubbe...chese press...rest of my small fatts not before gyven.” Some of these items were obviously used in the brewery, called “the Browerne” in Robert’s will.
Elizabeth also bequeathed a candlestick and, of personal items, “corall beades,” a “silke hatte,” a “red mentyll,” a “black mentyll,” and twelve yard “kerchers [kerchiefs].” For working in flax and wool were a “hickle [hackle],” and three “towe combes.” Three of Elizabeth’s heirs were to receive a “mylche cowe” each. She also gave to specific family members her “plowecheynes,” a “carte rope,” and “all my planke and borde.”
“To the Disposic’on of my executors” Elizabeth gave “all the reste of my goods unbequeathed bothe corne and haye and other my goods cattalls Implements utensills howsholde stuffe and moveabells,” with the provision “that if my seid sones or Doughter or anie of them shall stryve againste my executors and not be contentid with the reasonable ptinge of theise my goods before gyven and bequethed then I will that he she or theye shall not have anie pte of theeise my goods gyven hym and them before.”
Elizabeth lived for ten more years, her will being probated April 11, 1576.